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How To Learn COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL OR NETWORK PROTOCOL

 A communication protocol is a system of rules that allows two or more entities of a communications system to transmit information via any kind of variation of a physical quantity. The protocol defines the rules, syntax, semantics and synchronization of communication and possible error recovery methods. Protocols may be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of both.





Communicating systems use well-defined formats for exchanging various messages. Each message has an exact meaning intended to elicit a response from a range of possible responses pre-determined for that particular situation. The specified behavior is typically independent of how it is to be implemented. Communication protocols have to be agreed upon by the parties involved.To reach an agreement, a protocol may be developed into a technical standard. A programming language describes the same for computations, so there is a close analogy between protocols and programming languages: protocols are to communication what programming languages are to computations. An alternate formulation states that protocols are to communication what algorithms are to computation.


Multiple protocols often describe different aspects of a single communication. A group of protocols designed to work together is known as a protocol suite; when implemented in software they are a protocol stack.


Internet communication protocols are published by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). The IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) handles wired and wireless networking and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) handles other types. The ITU-T handles telecommunications protocols and formats for the public switched telephone network (PSTN). As the PSTN and Internet converge, the standards are also being driven towards convergence.






Network Protocols are a set of guidelines governing the exchange of information in a simple, dependable and secure way. Network protocols are formal standards and policies comprised of rules, methodology, and configurations that define communication between two or more devices over a network. To effectively send and receive information, devices on the two sides of a communication exchange must follow protocols. 


 


Network Time Protocol: 

Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a protocol that synchronizes the clocks of computer systems over data networks. NTP was designed by David L. Mills. NTP permits network devices to synchronize their time settings with the NTP server. NTP is one of the most established internet protocols in current use. 

 

Domain Name System: 

DNS resolves a Uniform Resource Locator or website address to the IP address of the site. When users type a web address into the address bar they rely on DNS servers to resolve the actual IP address of that destination. DNS translates domain names to IP addresses. 

 

Routing Information Protocol: 

It constrains the number of hops permitted in a path on a network from the source device to the destination. The maximum number of hops permitted for RIP is fifteen. It is a routing protocol used to exchange routing information. It figures the best route based on hop count. It actualizes the split horizon, route poisoning and, holddown mechanisms. 

 

Dynamic Host Control Protocol: 

Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) uses a server to allocate an IP address and other configuration information to network devices. As a result, the device is getting a permission slip from the DHCP server to use the network. DHCP enables users to send a request to the DHCP server whenever they connect to a network. The server recognizes by providing an IP address to the user. DHCP is also known as RFC 2131. 

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